Agricultural drainage water evaluation

Egypt’s agriculture and food security are under pressure because of a limited freshwater budget. In this case, the best way to deal with the lack of irrigation water is to reuse agricultural water Drainage Maintenance Services. Due to salt issues, the recycled drainage water quality is essential, especially in arid locations like Egypt. Assessment of water quality is therefore crucial for schemes using reuse.

This study aims to evaluate three various drainage water reuse projects in Egypt’s El-Behira Governorate using experimental data and a water quality index method. In 36 seasonal water samples were take from three separate projects. The Egyptian and worldwide (FAO) requirements for Drainage Maintenance Services and irrigation water were use to evaluate drainage water, freshwater, and blend water.

Following Egyptian regulations, the Drainage Maintenance Services and irrigation water was also evaluate using NSF-WQI. Most of the recorded drainage and irrigation water characteristics were above the allowable limits. According to Egyptian rules, the results show that all of the drains (drainage water) under study had “poor” and “marginal” water quality status.

The study’s blended water

According to Drainage Maintenance Services, the water quality status of all examine canals (blend water) was rated as “Bad.” These findings support the recommendation against using the study’s blend water and current drainage. Treatment solutions for drainage water are urgently advise to prevent degradation. The soil, crops, food security components, and health protection.

Drainage water reuse projects should be meticulously set up, and a water quality study should follow them. This research is the foundation for a current pilot project utilizing a low-cost drainage water enhancement technology. So that can be use in addition to recycling drainage water.

Introduction

Reusing agricultural drainage water is the most effective method for addressing the irrigation water deficit. It is regard as the most efficient, cost-effective, and quick way to supply water with the require qualities for irrigation. Especially given the high cost of alternative techniques like desalinated seawater or treated sewage water.

Tripathi, Bisen, and Tiwari (2019) defined water reuse as “water. So that is use twice or more before it returns to the natural water cycle.” Recently, wastewater has been widely employe as a low-quality water resource to compensate for the global lack of irrigation water. According to Sherov and Urinboev (2020), the amount of collector water Drainage Maintenance Services used worldwide is approximately 300 Km3/year, a significant amount that should be recycl.

Reuse without proper management, however, can have serious adverse effects. The ecosystem, including soil salinization and degradation and decrease crop yields. A summary of the development of wastewater reuse during the previous 5,000 years was offer by Angelakis. So Asano, Bahri, Jimenez, and Tchobanoglous. The first of three phases was the Bronze Age, when some civilizations, including those in China, Egypt, the Indus Valley, Mesopotamia, and Crete, utilized domestic wastewater for irrigation.

Wastewater applications

Then came the second stage, when the Greeks and Romans exploited it as irrigation. In the contemporary era, the USA and Europe use wastewater applications for agriculture. The quantity and quality of water resources in the Mediterranean region are impact. So that climate change, population growth, and irrigation expansion.

Reuse approach application in the Mediterranean environment was discuss in specific papers. To assess the low-quality water for reuse in irrigation. The Mediterranean region’s arid and semi-arid climates, Bortolini create an irrigation water quality instrument. This tool takes into account three kinds of water quality parameters: